Bills, Hearings and other Legislative Material

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Federal Bills and Resolutions - Rule 13.2

Federal Bills

Act name (if popular), S. or H.R. Bill Number, Number of Congress (year).

For example,

The Crofting Act, S. 726, 104th Cong. § 3 (1996) or

H.R. 726, 104th Cong. § 3 (1996).

Info: Cite to federal bills when (1) they are un-enacted or, (2) for legislative history. Also, if there are multiple versions of a bill in the same Congress, you can indicate a date in the parenthetical.

Federal Resolutions

Simple and concurrent resolutions relate to the internal operations of either or both houses. Joint resolutions are required to propose amendments to the Constitution. Indicate in the parenthetical an enactment. Parallel cite to the congressional record or statutes-at-large if it would aid in location.

For example,

S. Res. 144, 106th Cong. (1999) or H.R. Res. 888, 109th Cong. (2004) (enacted) or

S. Res. 144, 106th Cong., 100 Cong. Rec. 2393 (1999) (enacted)

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Federal Hearings - Rule 13.3

Cite as follows,

Cover title of hearing, Bill number or Subcommitte (if any), Number of Congress, Pinpoint cite (if any) (Year).

For example,

Hearing on Personal Jurisdiction of Private Mercenaries before S. Committee, 108th Cong. 25 (2000).

Info: Citing to page 25 of the hearing transcript.

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State Material - Rule 13

Similiar to federal bills and resolutions, except indicate the proper abbreviation for the state leglislative body according to Table 9. Include the state in the parenthetical (abbreviated according to Table 10). Follow Table 1 therein if different.

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Other areas to note

Reports - Rule 13.4 (for example H.R. Rep. No. 98-877 (1999))

Debates - Rule 13.5.

For Federal debates, use the Congressional Record (for example 111 Cong. Rec. 17 (1989)).

Remember to cite to the permanent Congressional Record unless it only has just appeared in the daily Congressional Record, and not yet printed in the permanent version.

Short Forms - See Rule 13.7

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